Request & Response

Request Object

The Request object provides access to all incoming HTTP request data. It's automatically passed to your controller methods.

Accessing Request in Controllers

<?php

namespace App\Controllers;

use Core\Controller;
use Core\Request;

class UserController extends Controller
{
    public function store(Request $request)
    {
        // Access request data
        $data = $request->post();
        
        // Process the request...
    }
}
?>

GET Parameters

Get Single Parameter

// URL: /users?page=2&limit=10

// Get a single GET parameter
$page = $request->get('page');        // Returns '2' or null
$limit = $request->get('limit', 20); // Returns '10' or default 20

// Check if parameter exists
if ($request->get('search')) {
    $search = $request->get('search');
}

Get All GET Parameters

// Get all GET parameters as array
$allParams = $request->get();

// Example: ['page' => '2', 'limit' => '10', 'search' => 'john']

POST Data

Get Single POST Field

// Get a single POST field
$name = $request->post('name');
$email = $request->post('email', 'default@example.com'); // with default

// Check if field exists
if ($request->post('password')) {
    $password = $request->post('password');
}

Get All POST Data

// Get all POST data as array
$data = $request->post();

// Example: ['name' => 'John', 'email' => 'john@example.com', 'password' => 'secret']

// Use in controller
public function store(Request $request)
{
    $data = $request->post();
    
    // Validate and process
    $user = new User();
    $user->create($data);
}

Input Method (GET or POST)

// Get input from either GET or POST
$value = $request->input('name');
$value = $request->input('name', 'default');

// Get all input (merges GET and POST)
$allInput = $request->input();

Headers

Get Header

// Get a specific header
$token = $request->header('Authorization');
$contentType = $request->header('Content-Type', 'application/json'); // with default

// Common headers
$userAgent = $request->header('User-Agent');
$referer = $request->header('Referer');

Get All Headers

// Get all headers as array
$headers = $request->headers();

// Example: ['Authorization' => 'Bearer token123', 'Content-Type' => 'application/json']

Request Methods

// Get HTTP method
$method = $request->method(); // Returns: 'GET', 'POST', 'PUT', 'DELETE', etc.

// Check method
if ($request->method() === 'POST') {
    // Handle POST request
}

// Get request path
$path = $request->path(); // Returns: '/users/123' (without query string)

// Get full URI
$uri = $request->uri(); // Returns: '/users/123?page=2'

Response Object

The Response class handles all HTTP responses. Use helper methods in controllers or create responses directly.

Text Response

// In controller
return $this->text('Hello, World!', 200);

// Or directly
use Core\Response;
return Response::text('Not Found', 404);

JSON Response

// In controller
return $this->json([
    'status' => 'success',
    'data' => User::all()
], 200);

// Or directly
use Core\Response;
return Response::json(['error' => 'Not found'], 404);

Redirect Response

// In controller
return $this->redirect('/users');

// With status code
return $this->redirect('/login', 301); // Permanent redirect

// Or directly
use Core\Response;
return Response::redirect('/dashboard', 302);

View Response

// In controller (most common)
return $this->view('users.index', ['users' => $users]);

// Automatically returns a Response object with HTML content

HTTP Status Codes

Common HTTP status codes you can use:

Code	Meaning	Usage
`200`	OK	Successful request
`201`	Created	Resource created
`301`	Moved Permanently	Permanent redirect
`302`	Found	Temporary redirect
`400`	Bad Request	Invalid request
`401`	Unauthorized	Authentication required
`403`	Forbidden	Access denied
`404`	Not Found	Resource not found
`500`	Internal Server Error	Server error

Complete Example

<?php

namespace App\Controllers;

use Core\Controller;
use Core\Request;
use App\Models\User;

class UserController extends Controller
{
    public function index(Request $request)
    {
        // Get pagination from GET parameters
        $page = $request->get('page', 1);
        $limit = $request->get('limit', 10);
        
        // Get search query
        $search = $request->get('search');
        
        // Fetch users (simplified)
        $users = User::all();
        
        // Return view
        return $this->view('users.index', [
            'users' => $users,
            'page' => $page,
            'search' => $search
        ]);
    }

    public function store(Request $request)
    {
        // Get POST data
        $data = $request->post();
        
        // Validate
        if (empty($data['name']) || empty($data['email'])) {
            return $this->json(['error' => 'Name and email required'], 400);
        }
        
        // Create user
        $user = new User();
        $userId = $user->create($data);
        
        // Return success response
        return $this->json([
            'status' => 'success',
            'message' => 'User created',
            'id' => $userId
        ], 201);
    }

    public function show(Request $request, $id)
    {
        $user = User::find($id);
        
        if (!$user) {
            return $this->text('User not found', 404);
        }
        
        // Check if API request (via header)
        if ($request->header('Accept') === 'application/json') {
            return $this->json($user);
        }
        
        // Return HTML view
        return $this->view('users.show', ['user' => $user]);
    }
}
?>